Citizenship is an out-dated notion in the 21st century.

  Essay question: Citizenship is an out-dated notion in the 21st century. Critically discuss this statement Note:- Throughout the unit we learned about these important aspects that shaped and in some ways changed the meaning of citizenship, theses aspects are: Cosmopolitanism, Multicultural, new technologies and development, globalization and more you can find in the references.   Instructions:- “critically discuss”. This means that you should consider an issue from various points of view, including key points for and against, and draw a conclusion.- Format the essay in size 12, Times New Roman font, double spaced. Justify the text on either side, and number the pages.- Academic writing is formal in style. Formal language is objective, generally written in the third person (‘this essay argues that…’), and avoids colloquial expressions. The essay should be written in complete sentences and organized into paragraphs – avoid dot points.   use all of the following references + you can add more of your own: (Use the Harvard (in-text) referencing style) 1. Appiah, KA 2006, ‘Introduction: Making Conversation’, in Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of Strangers, New York: W.W. Norton, pp. xi-xxi. 2. Bauböck, R 2001, Recombinant Citizenship, in M Kohli& A Woodward (eds), Inclusions and Exclusions in European Societies, Routledge, London, pp. 38-57. 3. Isin, EF, & Turner, BS 2002, ‘Citizenship Studies: An Introduction’, in EF Isin& BS Turner, Handbook of Citizenship Studies, London: Sage, pp. 1-11. 4. Ong, A 1999, ‘Introduction: Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality’, Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality, Durham: Duke University Press, pp. 1-26. 5. Pocock, JGA 1995, ‘The Ideal of Citizenship Since Classical Times’, in R Beiner (ed), Theorizing Citizenship, Albany: State University Press of New York, pp. 31-41. 6. Pollock, S, Bhaba, HK, Breckenridge, CA, &Chakrabarty, D 2000, ‘Cosmopolitanisms’, Public Culture, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 577-589. 7. Sassen, S 2002, ‘Chapter 17: Towards Post-National and Denationalized Citizenship’, in EF Isin& BS Turner (eds), Handbook of Citizenship Studies, London: Sage, pp. 277-292. 8. Smith, R 2002, ‘Modern Citizenship’, in EF Isin& BS Turner, Handbook of Citizenship Studies, London: Sage, pp. 105-116. 9. Soto, J 2014, ‘What Does Citizenship Mean in the 21st Century?’, HuffPost, 21 January. Available [Online] http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jorge-soto/what-does- citizenship-mean-in-the- 21st-century_b_4634524.html. 10. Stevenson, N 2003, ‘Cosmopolitan and Multicultural Citizenship: World, Nation, City and Self’, in Cultural Citizenship: Cosmopolitan Questions, Maidenhead: Open University Press, pp. 35- 67.