Compare Between ABS plastic and Polyester glass Composites ( GFRP) in the following properties ( mention value ) and explain :

Material selection Compare Between  ABS plastic and Polyester glass Composites ( GFRP) in   the following properties ( mention value )  and explain  : 1- price 2- Eco  properties : Embodied energy  - CO2 footprint – Recycle You can mention any other properties it deems important And why prefer use ABS plastic material in the hair dryer from the previous properties . Page 1 of 3 Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) Description Image Caption 1. ABS pellets. © Shutterstock 2. ABS allows detailed moldings, accepts color well, and is non-toxic and tough enough to survive the worst that children can do to it. © Gettyimages The material ABS (Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) is tough, resilient, and easily molded. It is usually opaque, although some grades can now be transparent, and it can be given vivid colors. ABS-PVC alloys are tougher than standard ABS and, in self-extinguishing grades, are used for the casings of power tools. Composition (summary) Block terpolymer of acrylonitrile (15-35%), butadiene (5-30%), and styrene (40-60%). General properties Density Price Date first used 1.01e3 * 1.64 1937 - 1.21e3 1.81 kg/m^3 GBP/kg 1.1 0.319 3.8 0.391 18.5 27.6 31 1.5 5.6 11 1.19 0.0138 - 2.9 1.03 4 0.422 51 55.2 86.2 100 15.3 22.1 4.29 0.0446 GPa GPa GPa Mechanical properties Young's modulus Shear modulus Bulk modulus Poisson's ratio Yield strength (elastic limit) Tensile strength Compressive strength Elongation Hardness - Vickers Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles Fracture toughness Mechanical loss coefficient (tan delta) MPa MPa MPa % strain HV MPa MPa.m^0.5 Thermal properties Glass temperature Maximum service temperature Minimum service temperature Thermal conductor or insulator? Thermal conductivity Specific heat capacity Thermal expansion coefficient 87.9 - 128 61.9 - 76.9 123 - 73.2 Good insulator 0.188 - 0.335 1.39e3 - 1.92e3 84.6 - 234 Values marked * are estimates. No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data °C °C °C W/m.°C J/kg.°C µstrain/°C Page 2 of 3 Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) Electrical properties Electrical conductor or insulator? Electrical resistivity Dielectric constant (relative permittivity) Dissipation factor (dielectric loss tangent) Dielectric strength (dielectric breakdown) Good insulator 3.3e21 - 3e22 2.8 - 3.2 0.003 - 0.007 13.8 - 21.7 µohm.cm 1000000 V/m Optical properties Transparency Refractive index Opaque 1.53 - 1.54 - 2 5 4 - 99.9 4.03 Processability Castability Moldability Machinability Weldability 1 4 3 5 Eco properties Embodied energy, primary production CO2 footprint, primary production Recycle Recycle mark * 90.3 * 3.64 MJ/kg kg/kg Supporting information Design guidelines ABS has the highest impact resistance of all polymers. It takes color well. Integral metallics are possible (as in GE Plastics' Magix.) ABS is UV resistant for outdoor application if stabilizers are added. It is hygroscopic (may need to be oven dried before thermoforming) and can be damaged by petroleum-based machining oils. ASA (acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile) has very high gloss; its natural color is off-white but others are available. It has good chemical and temperature resistance and high impact resistance at low temperatures. UL-approved grades are available. SAN (styrene-acrylonitrile) has the good processing attributes of polystyrene but greater strength, stiffness, toughness, and chemical and heat resistance. By adding glass fiber the rigidity can be increased dramatically. It is transparent (over 90% in the visible range but less for UV light) and has good color, depending on the amount of acrylonitrile that is added this can vary from water white to pale yellow, but without a protective coating, sunlight causes yellowing and loss of strength, slowed by UV stabilizers. All three can be extruded, compression molded or formed to sheet that is then vacuum thermo-formed. They can be joined by ultrasonic or hot-plate welding, or bonded with polyester, epoxy, isocyanate or nitrile-phenolic adhesives. Technical notes ABS is a terpolymer - one made by copolymerizing 3 monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene. The acrylonitrile gives thermal and chemical resistance, rubber-like butadiene gives ductility and strength, the styrene gives a glossy surface, ease of machining and a lower cost. In ASA, the butadiene component (which gives poor UV resistance) is replaced by an acrylic ester. Without the addition of butyl, ABS becomes, SAN - a similar material with lower impact resistance or toughness. It is the stiffest of the thermoplastics and has excellent resistance to acids, alkalis, salts and many solvents. Typical uses Safety helmets; camper tops; automotive instrument panels and other interior components; pipe fittings; home-security devices and housings for small appliances; communications equipment; business machines; plumbing hardware; automobile grilles; wheel covers; mirror housings; refrigerator liners; luggage shells; tote trays; mower shrouds; boat hulls; large components for recreational vehicles; weather seals; glass beading; refrigerator breaker strips; conduit; pipe for drain-waste-vent (DWV) systems. Tradenames Values marked * are estimates. No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) Page 3 of 3 Claradex, Comalloy, Cycogel, Cycolac, Hanalac, Lastilac, Lupos, Lustran ABS, Magnum, Multibase, Novodur, Polyfabs, Polylac, Porene, Ronfalin, Sinkral, Terluran, Toyolac, Tufrex, Ultrastyr Links Reference ProcessUniverse Producers Values marked * are estimates. No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data Page 1 of 3 GFRP, epoxy matrix (isotropic) Description Image Caption 1. Close-up of the back of the material. © Salawraspoo at en.wikipedia - (CC BY-SA 3.0) 2. Equipment operator demonstrates fiber glass repair techniques, repairing damage on a small boat. © U.S. Navy - Public domain The material Composites are one of the great material developments of the 20th century. Those with the highest stiffness and strength are made of continuous fibers (glass, carbon or Kevlar, an aramid) embedded in a thermosetting resin (polyester or epoxy). The fibers carry the mechanical loads, while the matrix material transmits loads to the fibers and provides ductility and toughness as well as protecting the fibers from damage caused by handling or the environment. It is the matrix material that limits the service temperature and processing conditions. Polyester-glass composites (GFRPs) are the cheapest and by far the most widely used. A recent innovation is the use of thermoplastics at the matrix material, either in the form of a co-weave of cheap polypropylene and glass fibers that is thermoformed, melting the PP, or as expensive high-temperature thermoplastic resins such as PEEK that allow composites with higher temperature and impact resistance. High performance GFRP uses continuous fibers. Those with chopped glass fibers are cheaper and are used in far larger quantities. GFRP products range from tiny electronic circuit boards to large boat hulls, body and interior panels of cars, household appliances, furniture and fittings. Composition (summary) Epoxy + continuous E-glass fiber reinforcement (0, +-45, 90), quasi-isotropic layup. General properties Density Price Date first used 1.75e3 * 15.3 1935 - 1.97e3 21.6 kg/m^3 GBP/kg * 15 *6 18 * 0.314 * 110 * 138 * 138 * 0.85 * 10.8 * 55 *7 * 0.0028 - 28 11 20 0.315 192 241 207 0.95 21.5 96 23 0.005 GPa GPa GPa - 197 °C Mechanical properties Young's modulus Shear modulus Bulk modulus Poisson's ratio Yield strength (elastic limit) Tensile strength Compressive strength Elongation Hardness - Vickers Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles Fracture toughness Mechanical loss coefficient (tan delta) MPa MPa MPa % strain HV MPa MPa.m^0.5 Thermal properties Glass temperature 147 Values marked * are estimates. No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data Page 2 of 3 GFRP, epoxy matrix (isotropic) Maximum service temperature Minimum service temperature Thermal conductor or insulator? Thermal conductivity Specific heat capacity Thermal expansion coefficient * 140 - 220 * 123 - 73.2 Poor insulator * 0.4 - 0.55 * 1e3 - 1.2e3 * 8.64 - 33 °C °C W/m.°C J/kg.°C µstrain/°C Electrical properties Electrical conductor or insulator? Electrical resistivity Dielectric constant (relative permittivity) Dissipation factor (dielectric loss tangent) Dielectric strength (dielectric breakdown) Good insulator * 2.4e21 - 1.91e22 * 4.86 - 5.17 0.004 - 0.009 * 11.8 - 19.7 µohm.cm 1000000 V/m Optical properties Transparency Translucent Processability Moldability Machinability 4 2 - 5 3 * 150 * 9.5 - 170 10.5 Eco properties Embodied energy, primary production CO2 footprint, primary production Recycle MJ/kg kg/kg Supporting information Design guidelines Polymer composites can be formed by closed or open mold methods. All the closed mold methods produce fiber orientation parallel to the mold surfaces (for extrusion, it is parallel to the inside surface of the orifice die). Of the open mold methods, all allow multidirectional fiber orientation parallel to the mold or mandrel, except pultrusion, where the fibers are oriented parallel to the laminate surface and the mold plates, and calendaring, where they are parallel to the sheet surface. Lay up methods allow complete control of fiber orientation; they are used for large one-off products that do not require a high fiber-resin ratio. Lamination and calendaring form sheets, pultrusion is used to make continuous shapes of constant cross section and filament winding produces large hollow items such as tubes, drums or other containers. Joints in long-fiber composite materials are sources of weakness because the fibers do not bridge the joint. Two or more laminates are usually joined using adhesives and, to ensure adequate bonding, an overlap length of 25mm for single- and double- lap joints or 40-50mm for strap, step and scarf joints is necessary. Holes in laminates dramatically reduce the failure strength making joining with fasteners difficult. Composite manufacture is labor intensive. It is difficult to predict the final strength and failure mode because defects are easy to create and hard to detect or repair. Technical notes The properties of long fiber composites are strongly influenced by the choice of fiber and matrix and the way in which these are combined: fiber-resin ratio, fiber length, fiber orientation, laminate thickness and the presence of fiber/resin coupling agents to improve bonding. Glass offers high strength at low cost; carbon has very high strength, stiffness and low density; Kevlar has high strength and low density, is flame retardant and transparent to radio waves (unlike carbon). Polyesters are the most widely used matrices as they offer reasonable properties at relatively low cost. The superior properties of epoxies and the temperature performance of polyimides can justify their use in certain applications, but they are expensive. The strength of a composite is increased by raising the fiber-resin ratio, and orienting the fibers parallel to the loading direction. The longer the fibers, the more efficient is the reinforcement at carrying the applied loads, but shorter fibers are easier to process and hence cheaper. Increased laminate thickness leads to reduced composite strength and modulus as there is an increased likelihood of entrapped voids. Coupling agents generally increase tensile strength. Environmental conditions affect the performance of composites: fatigue loading, moisture and heat all reduce allowable strength. Typical uses Sports equipment such as skis, racquets, skate boards and golf club shafts, ship and boat hulls; body shells; automobile components; cladding and fittings in construction; chemical plant. Tradenames Cycom, Fiberdux, Scotchply Values marked * are estimates. No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data GFRP, epoxy matrix (isotropic) Links Reference ProcessUniverse Producers Values marked * are estimates. No warranty is given for the accuracy of this data Page 3 of 3 PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH US TODAY AND GET AN AMAZING DISCOUNT :)