Depicting Quantitative Data
A staff member of a city parks and recreation department wanted to collect data to determine how people might differ in their use of a city park in different seasons. She positioned six of her interns at different spots in the city park on three different days/times to identify fall, spring, and summer use. At each of these data collection sessions, the interns were instructed to write down the major activity for the first 100 people they saw. They later classified their activity observation as falling within one of the following categories: exercising, socializing with friends, spending time with family, enjoying nature, being alone, other. The following table shows the results – the numbers of people (the same as percentages since there are 100 persons for each season) in each activity category for each season.
Park Activity
SEASON OF THE YEAR
Park Activity FALL SPRING SUMMER
Exercise 14 25 22
Socializing 17 16 32
Family Time 23 31 18
Enjoy Nature 15 8 12
Being Alone 28 14 8
Other 3 6 8
Choose 3 different ways (types of graphs) of depicting the data.
Which type of graph do you think most clearly and accurately portrays the findings? Why?
Which type of graph do you think would most clearly depict your findings to the general public?
Write a brief descriptive paragraph in words summarizing the findings of the study.
Sample Answer
1. Bar Chart (Grouped/Clustered):
This type of chart would have the park activities on the horizontal axis and the number of people (or percentage) on the vertical axis. For each activity, there would be three separate bars representing Fall, Spring, and Summer side-by-side.
35|
| S
30| PR
| L I
25| E N
| X G
20| E
| R
15| C E F
| I N A
10| S J M
| E O I
5| Y L
+----------------------- Park Activity -----------------------
Exercise Socializing Family Time Enjoy Nature Being Alone Other
(Note: This is a simplified text-based representation. A real bar chart would have properly scaled axes and labeled bars for each season.)
2. Line Graph (Multiple Lines):
This type of graph would have the seasons (Fall, Spring, Summer) on the horizontal axis and the number of people (or percentage) on the vertical axis. Each park activity would be represented by a different colored line connecting the data points for each season.