Differences between biblical and rabbinical Judaism

What are some of the main differences between biblical and rabbinical Judaism? How did rabbinic Judaism
(the Judaism which still exists today) emerge from biblical Judaism (which no longer exists)? What do they
share in common, and what elements are unique to each? Which elements of biblical Judaism have been lost,
and what new elements have appeared in rabbinic Judaism? And why? For example, who (or what) is a rabbi?
What, exactly, did these rabbis do to evolve or transform Judaism into "rabbinic" Judaism? And why did they do
it? Why was this transformation necessary? What specific historical circumstances necessitated the religious
changes that resulted in the evolution of Judaism from its "biblical" into its "rabbinic" form? And what,
specifically, did these changes entail?

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