Choose lithium
Select a medication that is either classified as an antidepressant or mood stabilizer.
Based on your selection, write a paper and discuss the following information related to the medication you selected.
Evidence based treatment selection (FDA approved uses)
Off label uses, if any
Contraindications, if any to use
Mechanism of action
Potential side effects
Lab monitoring/ follow up
Role of the Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner in the role of prescribing and managing the medication
Full Answer Section
Contraindications
Lithium is contraindicated in the following situations:
- Severe kidney disease
- Severe cardiac disease
- Pregnancy
- Breastfeeding
Mechanism of Action
The exact mechanism of action of lithium is not fully understood, but it is thought to work by altering the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Lithium may also help to protect nerve cells from damage.
Potential Side Effects
The most common side effects of lithium are mild and go away on their own. These side effects may include:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination
- Hand tremor
- Muscle weakness
- Drowsiness
- Dizziness
More serious side effects of lithium are rare, but they can occur. These side effects may include:
- Kidney damage
- Thyroid problems
- Seizures
- Confusion
- Slurred speech
- Vision changes
- Ringing in the ears
Lab Monitoring/Follow-Up
Patients taking lithium need to have regular blood tests to monitor their kidney function, thyroid function, and lithium levels. They should also be seen by their doctor regularly to discuss their progress and any side effects they are experiencing.
Role of the Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (PMHNP) in the Role of Prescribing and Managing Lithium
PMHNPs are qualified to prescribe and manage lithium. They can assess a patient's need for lithium, monitor their response to the medication, and manage any side effects that occur. PMHNPs can also provide patients with education and support about taking lithium.
Here are some specific things that a PMHNP can do when prescribing and managing lithium:
- Assess the patient's individual needs and risks
- Select the appropriate dosage and form of lithium
- Monitor the patient's response to the medication and make adjustments as needed
- Manage any side effects that occur
- Provide education and support to the patient about taking lithium
PMHNPs play an important role in ensuring that patients taking lithium receive safe and effective treatment.
Sample Answer
Lithium
Evidence-Based Treatment Selection
Lithium is a mood stabilizer that is FDA-approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder, both manic and depressive episodes. It is also FDA-approved for the treatment of schizoaffective disorder and the prevention of recurrent episodes of bipolar disorder.
Off-Label Uses
Lithium is sometimes used off-label for the treatment of other conditions, such as:
- Major depressive disorder
- Borderline personality disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Cluster headaches
- Migraine headaches
- Alcohol use disorder