Most important thing about being a utilitarian

Description

NO SOURCES NEEDED. Fill in the blanks and include a timestamp at the end of each response. If you have trouble accessing the video, please let me know.

1. I think the most important thing about being a utilitarian is that you judge actions in accordance with their _____________. Things are not just “right” or “wrong” in-themselves irrespective of the difference they make in the world. I think it’s important that we make a difference in the world and not that we stick by some abstract principle which might say, for example, “Always tell the truth,” yet this might have disastrous consequences for everyone. I see no point no in sticking by a principle without paying attention to the consequences of what you’re doing.
2. The utilitarian movement was founded in the late 18th century by the English philosopher _____________.
3. Bentham’s central proposal was deceptively simple. He wrote nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters: _____________ and _____________. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do. Bentham proposed designing all laws and social policies with one goal: maximize pleasure for society and minimize the amount of pain. Show no favoritism to individuals but seek only to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest _____________.
4. The second great figure in the utilitarian movement was the 19th century philosopher _____________. Mill’s father was a friend and follower of Bentham.
5. As he recovered, he also diverged from the ideas of Bentham. For Bentham there was only one standard of value whether it’s called pleasure, happiness, or utility: it can be _____________. Mill complicates the picture by arguing that there are higher and lower pleasures. _________________________matters. In his words it is better to be a human being dissatisfied, than a pig satisfied. Better to be Socrates dissatisfied, than a fool satisfied.
6. In most people’s view finding any _____________ measure of pleasure and pain is a difficult problem. The problem becomes vastly more difficult when you try to compare one person’s pleasures or pains with those of another.
7. But are there values that apply both in London and in the rainforest of Borneo. What about nature? Does it have a value of its own—an intrinsic value—or is it just _____________?
8. It’s an interesting thought. But in the end, I think he (Naess) makes a serious mistake. The conclusion of his drastic ideas is that humanity will have to be surrendered. If one takes into account, these aesthetic _________________________we are very far from Bentham’s traditional version of utilitarianism.
9. And what about the many life forms in the Malaysian jungle? They too are affected by the decision about the dam. Are they only one means to human happiness, or do they count in a utilitarian appraisal? Interestingly Bentham thought they should. Bentham’s theories about animals being able to sense pain and pleasure was the main and revolutionary question. If this is the case, then animals are completely included

Sample Solution