nursing

nursin" rel="nofollow">ing Order Description Hi, I want 300 words of essay The topic is Carin" rel="nofollow">ing of patient with in" rel="nofollow">intra iortic ballon pump(IABP).please do not use any of this wordin" rel="nofollow">ing as follows,it has to be different from the one I pasted here.DO NOT REPEAT THE SAME TO another 300 words.I will upload feww of resources.then use 300 words of nursin" rel="nofollow">ing care which is not mentioned here. Again" rel="nofollow">in do not use any od these words as it is the criteria for this essay. The in" rel="nofollow">intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a circulatory assist device that is main" rel="nofollow">inly used in" rel="nofollow">in patients with a low cardiac output to decrease myocardial oxygen demand (Currey & Graan 2012). This response will discuss the prin" rel="nofollow">inciples of IABP therapy, the in" rel="nofollow">indications for use, as well as nursin" rel="nofollow">ing care and management. Please see uploaded resources,if ytou want ,need citation every idea and references too.Otherwise you are not meetin" rel="nofollow">ing the criteria and I wont be acceptin" rel="nofollow">ing the work The aim of IABP counterpulsation is to in" rel="nofollow">increase diastolic blood pressure and coronary artery perfusion, whilst decreasin" rel="nofollow">ing myocardial oxygen demand and left ventricular after load. As a result of this, mean arterial pressure may improve, as well as organ perfusion (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin" rel="nofollow">in 2014). The balloon is in" rel="nofollow">inflated with helium durin" rel="nofollow">ing the diastole phase of the cardiac cycle and deflated just before systole. The in" rel="nofollow">inflation of the balloon in" rel="nofollow">initiates a rise in" rel="nofollow">in mean arterial pressure durin" rel="nofollow">ing diastole, which improves blood flow to the coronary arteries. The balloon remain" rel="nofollow">ins in" rel="nofollow">inflated durin" rel="nofollow">ing diastole and then must be rapidly deflated prior to systole in" rel="nofollow">in order to enable emptyin" rel="nofollow">ing of the left ventricle (Currey & Graan 2012). The IAB in" rel="nofollow">inflation and deflation can be timed through a trigger that can predict the openin" rel="nofollow">ing and closin" rel="nofollow">ing of the aortic valve. The electrocardiogram (ECG) trigger is preferred as the R wave is the most accurate reference of the onset of ventricular systole and the openin" rel="nofollow">ing of the aortic valve (Lewis, Ward & Courtney 2009). The IABP was first developed to treat patients in" rel="nofollow">in cardiogenic shock, but as a result of contin" rel="nofollow">inued research, availability of the technology and ease of catheter in" rel="nofollow">insertion, the in" rel="nofollow">indications for use has in" rel="nofollow">increased (Reid and Cottrell 2005). IABP counterpulsation is used prophylactically in" rel="nofollow">in patients under goin" rel="nofollow">ing high-risk coronary artery bypass graft surgery with low cardiac output and left ventricular dysfunction (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin" rel="nofollow">in 2014). The IABP is often in" rel="nofollow">inserted preoperatively and supports the patient haemodynamically durin" rel="nofollow">ing weanin" rel="nofollow">ing from cardiopulmonary bypass. As well as this, IABP is often utilised in" rel="nofollow">in patients undergoin" rel="nofollow">ing procedures such as angiography and before and after heart transplantation (Reid & Cottrell 2005). IABP is often used to treat patients experiencin" rel="nofollow">ing an acute myocardial in" rel="nofollow">infarction (without shock) or unstable angin" rel="nofollow">ina in" rel="nofollow">in order to relieve myocardial ischaemia (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Patients receivin" rel="nofollow">ing IABP therapy require specialised nursin" rel="nofollow">ing management and care in" rel="nofollow">in order to min" rel="nofollow">inimise complications (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Limb ischaemia is one of the main" rel="nofollow">in complications of IABP therapy, and as such it is important for nurses to identify patients at risk (i.e. peripheral vascular disease) and perform a complete peripheral vascular assessment when carin" rel="nofollow">ing for them. The most common causes of limb ischaemia are obstruction of the artery by the catheter and thrombus formation. Nurses should assess the patients peripheral perfusion hourly in" rel="nofollow">in order to identify deficits (Currey & Graan 2012). The colour of the patients skin" rel="nofollow">in and temperature must be assessed, lookin" rel="nofollow">ing for in" rel="nofollow">indications of poor perfusion such as cyanosis, mottlin" rel="nofollow">ing and coolness (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as this, the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibialis pulses should be palpated (a doppler may be required if the pulses cant not be palpated) and bilateral capillary refill should be documented (Currey & Graan 2012). It is essential that the nurse in" rel="nofollow">inspects the catheter regularly for specks of blood as this can in" rel="nofollow">indicate balloon rupture. If the balloon ruptures, immediate removal or replacement of the catheter is crucial (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as blood in" rel="nofollow">in the catheter, the gas loss alarm on the device can determin" rel="nofollow">ine if the balloon has ruptured (Currey & Graan 2012). The femoral artery access site and coagulation status should be monitored by the nurse as bleedin" rel="nofollow">ing is another complication of the IABP (Currey & Graan 2012). Thrombocytopenia due to anticoagulation in" rel="nofollow">in patients requirin" rel="nofollow">ing IABP therapy in" rel="nofollow">increases the risk of bleedin" rel="nofollow">ing. Haemoglobin" rel="nofollow">in level, platelets and prothrombin" rel="nofollow">in time need to be monitored closely as the patient may require blood products (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Patients with an IABP are at risk of skin" rel="nofollow">in breakdown as a result of their restricted mobility and alteration in" rel="nofollow">in tissue perfusion (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As such, adequate pressure area care is essential. When positionin" rel="nofollow">ing these patients, it is important to prevent any kin" rel="nofollow">inkin" rel="nofollow">ing of the catheter through log rollin" rel="nofollow">ing and foam wedges or pillows to hold the body in" rel="nofollow">in alignment (Vollman 2012). Fin" rel="nofollow">inally, the patient and their family should be educated about the device, the limitations they will experience, as well as complications that could occur. Providin" rel="nofollow">ing this education may reduce their anxiety and in" rel="nofollow">increase their compliance (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Order Description Hi, I want 300 words of essay The topic is Carin" rel="nofollow">ing of patient with in" rel="nofollow">intra iortic ballon pump(IABP).please do not use any of this wordin" rel="nofollow">ing as follows,it has to be different from the one I pasted here.DO NOT REPEAT THE SAME TO another 300 words.I will upload feww of resources.then use 300 words of nursin" rel="nofollow">ing care which is not mentioned here. Again" rel="nofollow">in do not use any od these words as it is the criteria for this essay. The in" rel="nofollow">intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a circulatory assist device that is main" rel="nofollow">inly used in" rel="nofollow">in patients with a low cardiac output to decrease myocardial oxygen demand (Currey & Graan 2012). This response will discuss the prin" rel="nofollow">inciples of IABP therapy, the in" rel="nofollow">indications for use, as well as nursin" rel="nofollow">ing care and management. Please see uploaded resources,if ytou want ,need citation every idea and references too.Otherwise you are not meetin" rel="nofollow">ing the criteria and I wont be acceptin" rel="nofollow">ing the work The aim of IABP counterpulsation is to in" rel="nofollow">increase diastolic blood pressure and coronary artery perfusion, whilst decreasin" rel="nofollow">ing myocardial oxygen demand and left ventricular after load. As a result of this, mean arterial pressure may improve, as well as organ perfusion (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin" rel="nofollow">in 2014). The balloon is in" rel="nofollow">inflated with helium durin" rel="nofollow">ing the diastole phase of the cardiac cycle and deflated just before systole. The in" rel="nofollow">inflation of the balloon in" rel="nofollow">initiates a rise in" rel="nofollow">in mean arterial pressure durin" rel="nofollow">ing diastole, which improves blood flow to the coronary arteries. The balloon remain" rel="nofollow">ins in" rel="nofollow">inflated durin" rel="nofollow">ing diastole and then must be rapidly deflated prior to systole in" rel="nofollow">in order to enable emptyin" rel="nofollow">ing of the left ventricle (Currey & Graan 2012). The IAB in" rel="nofollow">inflation and deflation can be timed through a trigger that can predict the openin" rel="nofollow">ing and closin" rel="nofollow">ing of the aortic valve. The electrocardiogram (ECG) trigger is preferred as the R wave is the most accurate reference of the onset of ventricular systole and the openin" rel="nofollow">ing of the aortic valve (Lewis, Ward & Courtney 2009). The IABP was first developed to treat patients in" rel="nofollow">in cardiogenic shock, but as a result of contin" rel="nofollow">inued research, availability of the technology and ease of catheter in" rel="nofollow">insertion, the in" rel="nofollow">indications for use has in" rel="nofollow">increased (Reid and Cottrell 2005). IABP counterpulsation is used prophylactically in" rel="nofollow">in patients under goin" rel="nofollow">ing high-risk coronary artery bypass graft surgery with low cardiac output and left ventricular dysfunction (Ihdayhid, Chopra & Rankin" rel="nofollow">in 2014). The IABP is often in" rel="nofollow">inserted preoperatively and supports the patient haemodynamically durin" rel="nofollow">ing weanin" rel="nofollow">ing from cardiopulmonary bypass. As well as this, IABP is often utilised in" rel="nofollow">in patients undergoin" rel="nofollow">ing procedures such as angiography and before and after heart transplantation (Reid & Cottrell 2005). IABP is often used to treat patients experiencin" rel="nofollow">ing an acute myocardial in" rel="nofollow">infarction (without shock) or unstable angin" rel="nofollow">ina in" rel="nofollow">in order to relieve myocardial ischaemia (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Patients receivin" rel="nofollow">ing IABP therapy require specialised nursin" rel="nofollow">ing management and care in" rel="nofollow">in order to min" rel="nofollow">inimise complications (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Limb ischaemia is one of the main" rel="nofollow">in complications of IABP therapy, and as such it is important for nurses to identify patients at risk (i.e. peripheral vascular disease) and perform a complete peripheral vascular assessment when carin" rel="nofollow">ing for them. The most common causes of limb ischaemia are obstruction of the artery by the catheter and thrombus formation. Nurses should assess the patients peripheral perfusion hourly in" rel="nofollow">in order to identify deficits (Currey & Graan 2012). The colour of the patients skin" rel="nofollow">in and temperature must be assessed, lookin" rel="nofollow">ing for in" rel="nofollow">indications of poor perfusion such as cyanosis, mottlin" rel="nofollow">ing and coolness (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as this, the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibialis pulses should be palpated (a doppler may be required if the pulses cant not be palpated) and bilateral capillary refill should be documented (Currey & Graan 2012). It is essential that the nurse in" rel="nofollow">inspects the catheter regularly for specks of blood as this can in" rel="nofollow">indicate balloon rupture. If the balloon ruptures, immediate removal or replacement of the catheter is crucial (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As well as blood in" rel="nofollow">in the catheter, the gas loss alarm on the device can determin" rel="nofollow">ine if the balloon has ruptured (Currey & Graan 2012). The femoral artery access site and coagulation status should be monitored by the nurse as bleedin" rel="nofollow">ing is another complication of the IABP (Currey & Graan 2012). Thrombocytopenia due to anticoagulation in" rel="nofollow">in patients requirin" rel="nofollow">ing IABP therapy in" rel="nofollow">increases the risk of bleedin" rel="nofollow">ing. Haemoglobin" rel="nofollow">in level, platelets and prothrombin" rel="nofollow">in time need to be monitored closely as the patient may require blood products (Reid & Cottrell 2005). Patients with an IABP are at risk of skin" rel="nofollow">in breakdown as a result of their restricted mobility and alteration in" rel="nofollow">in tissue perfusion (Reid & Cottrell 2005). As such, adequate pressure area care is essential. When positionin" rel="nofollow">ing these patients, it is important to prevent any kin" rel="nofollow">inkin" rel="nofollow">ing of the catheter through log rollin" rel="nofollow">ing and foam wedges or pillows to hold the body in" rel="nofollow">in alignment (Vollman 2012). Fin" rel="nofollow">inally, the patient and their family should be educated about the device, the limitations they will experience, as well as complications that could occur. Providin" rel="nofollow">ing this education may reduce their anxiety and in" rel="nofollow">increase their compliance (Reid & Cottrell 2005).