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• Erectile dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to get or maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse. ED is a common problem in older men, and it can be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal changes, vascular disease, and medications.
• Vaginal dryness: Vaginal dryness is a common problem in older women. It can be caused by a decline in estrogen levels, which can lead to thinning and inflammation of the vaginal walls. Vaginal dryness can make sexual intercourse uncomfortable or painful.

Nutritional factors, psychological factors, drugs, and complementary and alternative medications can all affect the immune system in older adults.

• Nutritional factors: A healthy diet is essential for a strong immune system. Older adults should eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. They should also avoid processed foods, sugary drinks, and excessive amounts of alcohol.
• Psychological factors: Stress can weaken the immune system. Older adults who are stressed are more likely to get sick. Relaxation techniques such as yoga and meditation can help to reduce stress and boost the immune system.
• Drugs: Some medications can suppress the immune system. Older adults who take medications should talk to their doctor about the potential side effects on the immune system.
• Complementary and alternative medications: Some complementary and alternative medications, such as herbal supplements, can also affect the immune system. Older adults should talk to their doctor before taking any complementary or alternative medications.

Here are some specific examples of how these factors can affect the immune system:

• Nutritional factors: A deficiency in vitamin C can make people more susceptible to infection. A deficiency in zinc can impair the function of white blood cells, which are part of the immune system.
• Psychological factors: Stress can suppress the production of white blood cells. Stress can also make people more likely to get sick by suppressing the immune system’s ability to fight infection.
• Drugs: Some medications, such as steroids, can suppress the immune system. This can make people more susceptible to infection.
• Complementary and alternative medications: Some herbal supplements, such as Echinacea, can boost the immune system. However, other herbal supplements, such as St. John’s wort, can suppress the immune system.

It is important for older adults to take steps to protect their immune system. This includes eating a healthy diet, managing stress, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption. Older adults who take medications should talk to their doctor about the potential side effects on the immune system. If you are an older adult, it is important to talk to your doctor about your sexual health. There are many things that can be done to improve sexual function in older adults. Your doctor can help you to identify the factors that are affecting your sexual function and develop a treatment plan.