Primary challenges facing women in the Philippines and Java

1. How do these accounts describe the primary challenges facing women in the Philippines and Java? Are these challenges the product of colonialism, of local politics and culture, or some combination?
2. How do these accounts "construct" women? What are the characteristics that the authors ascribe to women, and are these portrayed as biological, cultural, social, or something else? How do these women imagine what it means to be 'modern,' and how do they contrast it with the 'traditions' they hope to escape or revise?
3. How do these women connect to the wider world? Are they aware of other struggles for women's rights, against colonialism, etc.? How do you imagine they are getting information about the wider world?

Sample Solution