Routes of CoV-2 cell entry

1. What are the routes we’ve discussed of CoV-2 cell entry? Briefly explain each route. (2pts)
2. Through the direct method of entry for CoV-2, not all S proteins will interact with the ACE2 receptors, it is believed the uninvolved S proteins will remain on the plasma membrane of the infected cell. Why is this significant if we consider the pathogenicity of CoV-2? (2pts)
3. What is unique about CoV-2 cell entry compared to other Corona viruses that contributes to its effectiveness in infecting host cells? (2pts)
4. Explain how an uninfected cell can become infected without the attachment of a viral particle. (2pts)
5. Which type of cells are able to express the receptor ACE 2 and how is this significant to the COVID-19 symptoms? How would a mutation to the cell surface protease TMPRSS2 affect viral entry? (2pts)

Sample Solution