The Civilian Conservation Corps

Why was it necessary to have a separate Native Americans division of the Civilian Conservation Corps? How did the Indian division differ from the mainstream version?
What is tribal sovereignty and why did some tribes believe that Selective Service violated that sovereignty?

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Sample Answer

The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) was a New Deal program that employed young men to work on conservation projects. The Indian Division of the CCC was created because the federal government believed that Native Americans would benefit from the program in a number of ways.

  • Economic opportunity: The CCC provided Native Americans with much-needed employment opportunities. Many Native Americans were unemployed during the Great Depression, and the CCC gave them a chance to earn a living and learn new skills.
  • Education and training: The CCC also provided Native Americans with education and training opportunities. Many CCC enrollees learned new skills, such as forestry and engineering, that would help them find jobs after the program ended.
  • Improved health: The CCC also improved the health of Native Americans. Many enrollees received medical care and dental care, and they also learned about nutrition and hygiene.

Full Answer Section

The Indian Division of the CCC differed from the mainstream version in a number of ways. First, the Indian Division was staffed by Native American supervisors. This was important because it helped to ensure that the program was culturally sensitive to the needs of Native Americans.

Second, the Indian Division focused on projects that were relevant to Native American communities. For example, many CCC enrollees worked on projects to improve Native American water supplies and to build schools and hospitals on reservations.

Third, the Indian Division was more flexible than the mainstream version. The federal government was willing to make adjustments to the program to meet the specific needs of Native American communities.

Tribal sovereignty is the legal principle that Native American tribes are independent nations within the United States. This means that tribes have the right to self-government and to make their own laws.

Some tribes believed that Selective Service violated tribal sovereignty because it required Native American men to register for the draft without the consent of their tribes. Tribes argued that the draft violated their right to self-government and that it forced Native American men to fight in wars that they did not support.

The Supreme Court ruled in 1942 that Selective Service did not violate tribal sovereignty. The Court found that the draft was a necessary war measure and that it did not interfere with the tribes’ right to self-government.

However, the issue of tribal sovereignty and Selective Service remains a complex one. Some tribes continue to believe that the draft violates their sovereignty, and they have refused to allow their members to register for the draft.

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