The congressional limits on presidential commander-in-chief powers.

Full Answer Section The Federal judiciary has also played a role in checking the war powers of Congress and the President. In the landmark case Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer (1952), the Supreme Court ruled that the President cannot use his war powers to seize private property without the authorization of Congress. In recent years, there has been a growing debate over the extent of the President's war powers. Some argue that the President has too much power to wage war without the approval of Congress. Others argue that the President needs to have broad war powers in order to protect the nation from attack. The debate over the President's war powers is likely to continue for many years to come. It is a complex issue with no easy answers. However, the Constitution gives both Congress and the President important roles to play in the decision to go to war. Here are some additional thoughts on the role of the Federal judiciary in checking Congress and the President's war powers:

• The judiciary can play a role in interpreting the Constitution and determining the limits of the President's war powers.
• The judiciary can also hear cases challenging the legality of military actions taken by the President.
• The judiciary's role in checking the war powers of Congress and the President is limited, but it can be an important check on the use of military force.

Sample Answer The Constitution gives the President the title of Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, but it also grants Congress the power to "declare War." This has led to a long-standing debate over the extent of the President's war powers and the limits that Congress can place on them. Congress has a number of tools at its disposal to limit the President's war powers. These include:

• Declaring war: Congress can declare war, which gives the President the authority to use the full force of the military.
• Approving military action: Congress can approve specific military actions, such as the use of troops in a particular country or region.
• Providing funding for the military: Congress controls the purse strings, and it can withhold funding for military operations that it does not approve.
• Passing legislation that restricts the President's war powers: Congress can pass legislation that restricts the President's ability to use the military, such as the War Powers Resolution of 1973.