The operation of competition law within the EU and its impact upon intellectual property rights.

  Order Description   It is accepted that once an intellectual property right is exploited by means of a licence or some equivalent consensual agreement or arrangement, the effect on trade is properly a matter for competition law. Within the European Union, this is so whether the attack is upon an agreement or a concerted practice (art 101) or goes to the acquisition and exercise of market power (art.102). At both the national and international level, the general issue is likewise conceded. In light of the above, examine how competition law has regulated intellectual property rights.