Throat, Respiratory & Cardiovascular Disorders

take on the role of a clinician who is building a health history for one of the following cases. Your instructor will assign you your case number.
Case 2
Chief Complaint
(CC) A 25-year-old Hispanic female, computer programmer presents to your clinic complaining of a 12-day history of a runny nose
Subjective States that her symptoms began about 12 days ago. She suffers from allergies; she gets a runny nose during the spring-time, pollen season. However, in the winter, her allergies are not a problem.
VS (BP) 115/75, (P) 89, (RR) 16, (T) 100.4°F (38°C), O2 sat 98% on room air
General No signs of acute distress. Patient appears mildly fatigued. She is breathing through her mouth. Breathing easily. Voice has a nasal quality to it.
HEENT Ear canals: normal;
EYES: normal;
NOSE: Bilateral erythema and edema of turbinates with significant yellow drainage on the right. Nares: Obstructed air passages
Respiratory CTA AP&L
Neck/Throat Posterior pharynx: mildly injected, scant postnasal drainage (PND), no exudate, tonsils 1+, no cobblestoning
Heart Regular rate and rhythm, no murmur, S3, or S4

Once you received your case number, answer the following questions:

  1. What other subjective data would you obtain?
  2. What other objective findings would you look for?
  3. What diagnostic exams do you want to order?
  4. Name 3 differential diagnoses based on this patient presenting symptoms?
  5. Give rationales for your each differential diagnosis.
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Sample Answer

 

 

 

 

 

Case 2: 25-year-old Hispanic female, computer programmer, presenting with a 12-day history of a runny nose.

 

1. What other subjective data would you obtain?

 

To build a comprehensive health history and narrow down the possibilities, I would gather the following additional subjective data:

A. History of Present Illness (HPI) Elaboration:

  • Symptom Onset and Course:
    • Did the runny nose start suddenly or gradually?
    • Has the discharge color changed over time (e.g., clear initially, then yellow/green)?
    • Is the drainage constant or intermittent?
    • Has the amount of drainage changed?
    • Any specific triggers or alleviating factors (e.g., warm compresses, specific medications)?

Full Answer Section

 

 

 

 

 

    • Has she tried any over-the-counter (OTC) medications (e.g., decongestants, antihistamines, nasal sprays)? If so, which ones, what dose, how often, and did they provide any relief?
  • Associated Symptoms:
    • Nasal: Any congestion, sneezing, itching, loss of smell (anosmia) or reduced smell (hyposmia), facial pressure or pain (where exactly?), post-nasal drip (PND) sensation, nosebleeds?
    • Throat: Any sore throat (how severe?), difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), hoarseness, cough (productive or non-productive? if productive, what color is sputum?), throat clearing?
    • Ear: Ear pain, pressure, fullness, ringing (tinnitus), hearing changes?
    • Systemic: Fatigue (describe severity and onset), body aches, chills, sweats, headache (location, severity, type), fevers (any measured, peak temperature, how often?), general malaise?
    • Eye: Itching, redness, watering, discharge? (Even though eyes were “normal” on objective exam, her subjective perception is important).
  • Impact on Daily Life:
    • How are these symptoms affecting her work, sleep, appetite, and social activities?
    • Is the nasal obstruction interfering with breathing, especially at night?
  • Exposure:
    • Has she been exposed to anyone sick recently (family, friends, coworkers)?
    • Any recent travel, especially by air?
    • Any new environmental exposures (e.g., new pet, new cleaning products, new workplace chemicals)?

B. Past Medical History (PMH):

  • Allergies:
    • Specifically clarify her “allergies.” What are they allergic to (pollen, dust mites, pet dander, specific foods, medications)?
    • How severe are her typical spring allergies?
    • What are her usual symptoms during allergy season?

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