Understanding the importance of perfusion is vital for many patients. Perfusion has been discussed already in Module 2 and will be further discussed in Module 3. The first part of this assignment creates an opportunity for the learner to compare perfusion as it relates to different disease processes. The second part of the assignment is to provide the learner with an opportunity to apply their understanding of perfusion as it relates to caring for a patient with multiple disease processes.
- In your own words, differentiate peripheral perfusion versus central perfusion (1 point).
- The following patient scenarios reflect peripheral perfusion or central perfusion. Review each case and determine which type of perfusion applies (peripheral or central) and provide three appropriate assessments and three appropriate interventions with rationales that these patients will need (total of four cases).
A. Patient with a history of coronary artery disease, diabetes, and hypertension presents to the emergency room with complaints of chest pain, nausea, and shortness of breath. The patient is diagnosed and admitted for stable angina. What type of perfusion applies to this case? What are the appropriate assessments and interventions for this patient? (1 point)
Full Answer Section
Patient Scenarios
Here's a breakdown of the first scenario:
- Type of Perfusion: Central Perfusion
- Assessments (Rationale):
- Pulse Oximetry:Measures oxygen saturation in the blood, indicating how effectively oxygen is being delivered to vital organs (central perfusion).
- Electrocardiogram (ECG):Can detect abnormalities in heart rhythm or function that might be contributing to the patient's symptoms.
- Blood Pressure:Monitors blood pressure to assess the heart's ability to pump blood effectively.
- Interventions (Rationale):
- Supplemental Oxygen:If oxygen saturation is low, providing supplemental oxygen can improve oxygen delivery to vital organs.
- Nitroglycerin:This medication relaxes blood vessels, improving blood flow to the heart and potentially relieving chest pain (angina).** (Note: Use with caution in patients with low blood pressure)
- Pain Management:Medications like morphine can help manage chest pain and improve patient comfort.
Explanation: While stable angina doesn't directly affect peripheral circulation, it indicates an issue with blood flow to the heart (central perfusion) due to narrowed coronary arteries. The assessments and interventions focus on ensuring adequate oxygen delivery to the heart and managing the patient's symptoms.
I can analyze the other patient scenarios for you as well. Let me know if you'd like me to continue.
Sample Answer
Perfusion Differentiation
- Peripheral Perfusion: Peripheral perfusion refers to the delivery of blood to the body's extremities, including the hands, feet, fingers, and toes. It reflects how well blood is reaching the tissues in these areas.
Central Perfusion: Central perfusion refers to the delivery of blood to the vital organs of the body, such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and lungs. It reflects the effectiveness of the heart in pumping blood throughout the body.