Full Answer Section

1. Norming:
   • Process: Team members begin to resolve conflicts, establish norms, and develop cohesion. Roles and responsibilities become clearer.
   • Problems: Potential for groupthink, resistance to change, and complacency.
   • Productivity: Moderate to high, as team members focus on achieving project goals.
2. Performing:
   • Process: The team operates effectively and efficiently, with high levels of collaboration and trust. Members are motivated and focused on achieving project objectives.
   • Problems: Potential for burnout, complacency, and the need for new challenges.
   • Productivity: High, as the team reaches its peak performance.
3. Adjourning:
   • Process: The project is completed, and the team disbands. Members may experience a sense of loss or accomplishment.
   • Problems: Potential for unresolved conflicts, difficulty transitioning to new projects, and loss of knowledge.
   • Productivity: Varies, depending on the team’s ability to complete remaining tasks and document lessons learned.

Importance of Verbal Communication and Enhancement:

Verbal communication is crucial for project success because it:

• Allows for immediate feedback and clarification.
• Facilitates building relationships and trust.
• Enables effective collaboration and problem-solving.
• Conveys complex information and emotions.

Enhancing verbal communication:

• Active listening: Paying attention, asking clarifying questions, and providing feedback.
• Clear and concise language: Avoiding jargon and technical terms when speaking to a diverse audience.
• Regular meetings: Holding scheduled meetings to discuss progress, issues, and action items.
• Open dialogue: Encouraging open and honest communication among team members.
• Utilizing video conferencing: For remote teams, video conferencing can enhance nonverbal communication.

Sensitivity to Team Diversity:

Sensitivity to the diverse composition of a project team is vital because:

• It promotes inclusivity and respect.
• It enhances communication and collaboration.
• It reduces the risk of misunderstandings and conflicts.
• It leverages the unique perspectives and experiences of team members.

Electronic Communication Etiquette:

• Do’s:
  • Use a clear and concise subject line.
  • Address recipients professionally.
  • Proofread messages for errors.
  • Use proper grammar and spelling.
  • Respond promptly to emails.
  • Use appropriate tone and language.
  • Consider the audience when sending messages.
  • Keep emails short and to the point.
• Don’ts:
  • Use all caps or excessive exclamation points.
  • Send confidential information via unencrypted email.
  • Forward emails without permission.
  • Reply all to unnecessary emails.
  • Use email for emotionally charged conversations.
  • Send emails when angry.

Organizational Structures:

1. Functional Organization:
   • Structure: Organized by functional areas (e.g., marketing, finance, engineering).
   • Advantages: Clear lines of authority, specialized expertise, and efficient resource utilization within departments.
   • Disadvantages: Poor communication between departments, slow response to project needs, and lack of project focus.
2. Autonomous Project Organization:
   • Structure: Dedicated project teams with full authority and resources.
   • Advantages: Strong project focus, clear accountability, and rapid decision-making.
   • Disadvantages: Potential for duplication of effort, inefficient resource utilization across projects, and difficulty reintegrating team members after project completion.
3. Matrix Organization:
   • Structure: Combines functional and project structures, with team members reporting to both functional and project managers.
   • Advantages: Improved communication between functional areas, efficient resource utilization, and strong project focus.
   • Disadvantages: Potential for conflict between functional and project managers, complex reporting relationships, and increased overhead.