The differences between a LAN and WAN, Internet and intranet.
- Explain the differences between a LAN and WAN, Internet and intranet. How are they used by universities a. businesses?
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of a wireless network when compared to a wired network in a library environment? What can be done to mitigate the disadvantages? Based on your answers on the previous questions, please provide a scenario for the best deployment of wireless vs wired networks.
- What technologies in use in libraries do you think are dead or dying? Why would a library continue to support a dying/dead technology? What considerations would you take into consideration when trying to decide whether or not to end support for a technology?
- Identify four common security problems that affect both desktop computers and mobile devices. What can be done to limit the risk posed by these threats?
- Watch the short video, Nick Burns: Your Company’s Computer Guy, closed captioning is available. Click “CC” on video when it starts. What is your experience working with IT professionals at your workplace? How about staff members from other back office operations? Do you agree/disagree that IT professionals are more difficult to work with and why?
- Read the article by Glen and McManus (PDF). What are your strategies in working with colleagues outside your own department / u.?
Sample Solution
The historical backdrop of Spain mirrors the impact of specific societies and religions on Spanish populace, language, customs and style of life. In the Middle Ages (around 411 AD) Spain was involved by the German clans and further the nation was vanquished by the Visigoths (416 AD) (Collins, 1995). Nonetheless, the point of this article is to dissect the effect of the Islamic intrusion on Spain, as the Muslims has considerably affected the nation up to the present day. In 711-714 the Umayyad administration held onto the Spanish region close to Cordoba (Rahman, 1989); after forty years Abd al-Rahman I made an Umayyad Emirate. However, it was in the tenth century under the decision of Abd al-Rahman III (912-961) that the Muslims figured out how to heighten Spain’s success and riches (Goodwin, 1990). Abdal-Rahman III joined a few territories of al-Andalus and improved military, duty and law frameworks. In the eleventh century the Emirate was partitioned into a few kingdoms with interesting societies and customs. After the rot of the Umayyad line, other Islamic traditions assumed responsibility for Spain, for example, the Almoravides, the Almohades and the Nasrids (Taha, 1989). Toward the part of the arrangement century the Christian rulers held onto the power in Granada and put a conclusion to the Muslim decision. Other Spanish spots, for example, Seville and Cordoba, were freed from the Muslims by Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile in the thirteenth century. In any case, the Islamic impact has safeguarded in Spain till these days, however Isabella made everything to pulverize Islam and annihilate any hints of the Muslims. The Islamic intrusion emphatically influenced numerous everyday issues in Spain, for example, culture, training, religion, financial aspects, science, society and family. Al-Andalus, as the Muslims called Spain, had obtained the focal position among different developments of the old world since the success of Cordoba by the Umayyad administration (Chejne, 1974). Specifically, the Muslims made around 2,000 open showers and mosques for various social gatherings and actualized a few schools for poor kids in Cordoba. Albeit some Spanish districts contradicted the Muslim decision, industry and exchange were significantly best in class by the Umayyads (Harvey, 1990). Spanish libraries contained in excess of 400,000 books and the avenues of Cordoba were enlightened, not normal for such European capitals as Paris and London. As Hillenbrand (1999) puts it, Cordobain its prime had no friend in Europe for the conveniences of enlightened life. Its homes were plentifully provided with hot and cold running water, its boulevards were lit around evening time (p.175). Diverse religious gatherings, for example, Christians, Muslims and Jews, effectively collaborated with one another. As indicated by Ghazanfar (2004), there existed no partition between science, shrewdness, and confidence; nor was East isolated from the West, nor the Muslim from the Jew or the Christian (p.2). Such religious resistance can be clarified by the way that the Muslims did not go about as oppressors, yet, rather, they attempted to improve the living states of every single social class in Spain. Therefore, Christians and Jews involved the main positions during the Muslim decision (Hopfe, 1998). This tranquil conjunction of three religions had proceeded till the fifteenth century (Thomson, 1989), adding to numerous parts of life in Spain. For example, in the eleventh century Arabic language was used in Spanish science and writing, while Spaniards started to gain proficiency with the Muslims’ language to familiarize with Arabic compositions (Shubert, 1992). A few Christians and Jews acquired Arabic culture and religion, step by step changing into Mozarabs, individuals who were Arabized (Watt, 1965). Numerous unskilled Spanish individuals figured out how to peruse and compose, compute and explore (Houston, 1964). As the Muslims safeguarded some Roman and Greek abstract works, Spanish Christians filled in as interpreters for these critical original copies. Engineering, theory, arithmetic and different sciences additionally thrived under the decision of the Umayyad tradition because of their confidence in Allah and the laws of the Qur’an, the sacred book of the Muslims that highlighted the intensity of information (Fakhry, 1983). As the Muslims made endeavors to get God, they additionally attempted to reveal reality with regards to human instinct by leading various inquires about and logical examinations (Saud, 1994). For example, the Muslims substituted the Roman number framework existed in Spain for the Arabic number framework that has been broadly used in variable based math, number-crunching and business from that point forward. Furthermore, stargazing, drug, science and science started to flourish in Spain after the Islamic intrusion (Lewis, 1993). Among the most renowned Spanish savants, authors, craftsmen and researchers of the Muslim period are Al-Kwarizmi, Ibn Rushd, Ibn Zuhr, Al-Razi and Ibn Sina (Chejne, 1974). Ibn Sina’s medicinal treatise Al-Qanun had been considered in numerous European instructive foundations for around 300 years and had been viewed as extraordinary compared to other therapeutic works (Vernet, 1992). One of the best Muslim researchers of Spain was Abu Zakariyah al-Awwam Ishibili who made a method of joining and offered names to in excess of 500 plants (Ghazanfar, 2004). Pedro Alfonzo, a Spanish Muslim researcher who was keen on cosmology, asserted that his desire was to raise again to life the information of that science which is in such a disgraceful state among those informed in the Latin way (Hermes, 1977, p.72). Because of such a propelled phase of logical advancement, numerous European researchers touched base to Spain to get learning in different sciences and to decipher Latin writings. With respect to financial matters, the Muslims made the silk business in Al-Andalus, slowly changing Spain into perhaps the biggest nation for silk creation. The nation was likewise occupied with the generation of silk, cotton, pepper, hides, timekeepers, paper, maps and cleansers. Further Spain added to the fine textures fabricating in Europe. Horticulture was inadequately created in Spain due to a primordial water system framework (White, 1970; Semple, 1971); however the Muslims substituted this old framework for another improved water system strategy that brought about the success of plantations and the expansion of rice crops in such zones as Granada and the Valenican huerta (Dickie, 1968). The Muslims used the strategy for Syrianization to improve horticulture of Spanish towns, particularly Valencia and Seville (Burns, 1973). The new framework enabled Spaniards to strengthen crops with the assistance of counterfeit water supply (Smith, 1966, p.442). Up to the present day this water system framework has been constrained by an old Muslim court (Tribunal of the Waters); today this Tribunal is held once per week and is planned for fathoming questionable agrarian issues. Because of these upgrades, Spanish individuals started to develop different plants and trees, for example, oranges, lemons, artichokes, apricots, olive and executed a propelled arrangement of nature insurance (Imamuddin, 1965, p.84). Prior to the Islamic intrusion, Spanish developed winter crops, yet the Muslims figured out how to actualize Indian yields that were developed in an ice free season. Thus, numerous Arabic words were acquainted in Spanish language with reflect various parts of the water system framework; for example, alberca-al-birka implies a pool and acequia-al-saqiya implies a water system dump. These days a few blooms bear the Arabic names, such asbellota-balluta for oak seed, alazor-al-asfur for safflower and al-fasfasa foralfalfa. Different words mirror the effect of the Muslims on cultivating: tahona-tahuna (flour-factory), aldea-al-day’s (town), and rabadan-rabb al-da’n (head-shepherd). As the Muslims were fixated on nature, they used their masterful abilities to make magnificent nurseries and structures that have stood out of individuals till these days (Blair and Bloom, 1994). Such bizarre places as the Alhambra of Granda, the Mosque of Cordoba and the Alcazar of Seville are the visual inheritance of the Muslims in Spain (Barrucand and Bednorz,1992; Ettinghausen and Grabar, 1987). These mind blowing structural structures unmistakably uncover the Muslims’ advancements in the fields of engineering plan and style(King, 1978; Grabar, 1978; Rodriguez, 1992). Sadly, practically all Islamic compositional landmarks were wrecked toward the part of the bargain century; just the Alhambra stayed flawless (Fletcher, 1987). Numerous well known authors and specialists portrayed the Alhambra in their works (Ching, 1979). For example, Washington Irving made Tales of the Alhambra when he visited this spot in Spain. In spite of the demolition of numerous Islamic structures (Barrucand and Bednorz, 1992), another Islamic mosque for Spanish Muslims hasbeen as of late inherent Granada because of Islam restoration in 1989. The Muslims can supplicate in the mosque and get instruction in such sciences as drug and law. Today the quantity of the Muslims in Spain ways to deal with onemillion individuals who unequivocally protect their privileges and their confidence. Some Spanish Muslims keep on living in the Albaican quarter in Granada, where the Muslims lived in the 10-15 centuries. Notwithstanding, the pressures between Spanish Muslims and Spanish Christians are fairly convoluted, albeit Spanish government understands that it is urgent to improve the relations between these two religious gatherings. Investigating the effect of the Islamic attack on the historical backdrop of Spain, the paper proposes that the Muslims extensively influenced such zones of Spanish life as financial matters, culture, science, design, craftsmanship and religion. They figured out how to improve the nation’s agribusiness and assembling, adding to its success and riches; they actualized many propelled frameworks dependent on logical discoveries, particularly Arabic number arrangement of count, the brightening framework and the water system strategy. The Muslims moved their insight in drug, polynomial math, science, stargazing, engineering, craftsmanship, nature and innovation to Spanish individuals who further grant>
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